Consequently, an effective organi-
ism and interact successfully with its
valued resources. For example, low
zation likely has a set of metrics
external environment.
cost inputs, high quality raw materials.
that:
3 .
S t r a t e g i c
C o n s t i t u e n c y
2.Internal Process Approach: is a
·Holds individuals accountable for
A p p r o a c h :
s e e s
E f f e c t i v e
method of evaluating how effectively
their individual performance. This
Organization as one that satisfies the
an organization functions and oper-
means clarifying individuals' roles,
demands of those constituencies in its
ates. It looks at the internal activities
responsibilities and their authority to
environment from whom it requires
such as the structure, culture diversity,
make decisions.
support for its continued existence
flexibility, co-ordination and motiva-
·Identifies and communicates accept-
such as private and public universi-
tion.
able levels of risk
ties. Three major steps can be applied
3.Goal Approach: is a method of eval-
·Measures a leader's behavioural
to understand who it is that survival is
uating how efficiently an organization
impact and how that influences others'
contingent upon.
can convert some fixed amount of
performance
First: Identifying the constituents.
organizational resources into finished
·Clarifies what good looks like since
Second: looking at:-
goods and services. It is concerned
people can't be effective if they don't
- How dependent on it is the organiza-
with the output side and whether the
understand the qualitative and quanti-
tion?
organization achieves its goals in
tative performance standards
- Does the constituent have consider-
terms of desired levels of output.
·Identifies the drivers for success to
able power on the organization?
Since organizations have different
more consistently replicate perfor-
- Are there alternatives?
conflicting goals, effectiveness cannot
mance
Third: Identifying the expectations.
be assessed by a single indicator (for
·Identifies critical feedback loops so
4. Competing Values Approach: is
example, operative goals).
individuals learn and develop confi-
the criteria you value and use in
Conclusion
dence in their analysis and decisions.
assessing an organization's effective-
I n c o n c l u s i o n , O r g a n i z a t i o n a l
·Challenges everyone to perform at
ness. The assumption is that there is
Effectiveness deals with the extent to
the next level in the organization
no best criterion for evaluating an orga-
which the organization achieves its
Approaches To Organizational
nization's effectiveness as there
goals. For an organization to be effec-
Effectiveness
cannot be one single goal that every-
tive, it has to have a clear structure
Generally four approaches to
one can agree upon. The concept of
and must be able to meet all the
Organizational Effectiveness are
Organizational Effectiveness is
required capabilities. Though measur-
mentioned.
subjective.
ing Organizational Effectiveness is
1. Goal Attainment Approach states
A p p r o a c h e s
T o
M e a s u r i n g
impossible, some proxy means are
that an organization's effectiveness
Organizational Effectiveness
used to measure how effective an
must be appraised in terms of the
D a f t
d e f i n e s
t h r e e
p o s s i b l e
organization is. Because measuring
accomplishment of ends rather than
approaches to the measurement of
effectiveness defines clearly what an
means. Therefore goals must be
organizational effectiveness:
Effective Organization is.
clearly identifiable, consensual,
1.Resource Based Approach: is a
measurable, time-bound and few
method of evaluating how effectively
enough in order to be manageable.
an organization manages and controls
2. Systems Approach: End goals are
its external environment. It assesses
not ignored. Rather they are one
effectiveness by observing the begin-
element in a more complex set of crite-
ning of the process and evaluating
ria. Systems models emphasize crite-
whether the organization effectively
ria that will increase the long term
obtains resources necessary for high
survival of the organization such as
performance. Organizational effec-
the ability to acquire resources, main-
tiveness is defined as the ability of the
tain itself internally as a social organ-
organization to obtain scarce and
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Issue 70 September 2013 2013 70

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